A new report by UCLPartners and the Health Foundation sheds light on the current state of AI adoption in London’s NHS — highlighting both the promise and the challenges of integrating artificial intelligence into routine care.
Titled ‘AI in London Healthcare: The Reality Behind the Hype’, the report reveals that while AI technologies are beginning to make an impact, implementation across NHS organisations remains fragmented. Most initiatives are still in early pilot phases and not yet embedded at scale.
“London has the talent, technology, and data to lead in health AI — but real progress depends on moving beyond isolated pilots and working together across the system.” — Dr. Chris Laing, Chief Executive, UCLPartners
How is AI Being Used?
Although some media narratives suggest widespread adoption, the reality on the ground is more cautious and experimental. AI deployment across London’s NHS varies widely — from no adoption to business-as-usual procurement — but most organisations are still at the early stages.
- Over 68% of NHS organisations in London rated their AI adoption as ‘early’, with AI solutions being piloted in limited settings.
- Only 16% reported moderate adoption, where tools are used in multiple departments or pathways.
- Fewer than 3% of respondents indicated ‘advanced’ adoption, and 9% said they had no AI adoption at all. As one participant put it:
“I’d say we are sort of dipping our toe in the water… We’ve got lots of interest in AI… Some have actually been successful in doing that. Others are just at the stage where they see the potential and would like to explore it.”
This snapshot underscores the need for a more coordinated approach to ensure promising pilots can scale safely and effectively.
Key Barriers and Opportunities
The report identifies several core challenges:
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Limited digital and data infrastructure
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Workforce capacity and capability gaps
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Lack of consistent frameworks for evaluation and integration
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Need for stronger leadership and strategic alignment To address these, it recommends:
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A structured framework for AI implementation
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Enhanced collaboration between NHS, academia, and industry
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Workforce training and leadership support
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Ethical, inclusive, and equitable AI design and deployment
A Step Forward: The AI Framework
In response to these findings, NHS South East London ICB launched a new AI Framework in March 2025. This framework provides guidance on the safe, ethical introduction and monitoring of AI technologies in NHS settings across London.
Voices of Leadership
“Artificial Intelligence offers a once-in-a-generation opportunity to transform the UK’s health and care system — from early detection and prevention to personalised treatment and operational efficiency. But its true value will only be realised through ethical deployment, inclusive design, and cross-sector collaboration. The UK has the expertise and infrastructure to lead globally — now is the time to act with purpose.” — Gareth Presch, Founder & CEO, World Health Innovation Summit
“AI holds huge potential for improving care and supporting patients — but to realise this, a more strategic and coordinated approach is essential.” — Tim Horton, Assistant Director, Health Foundation
As the momentum around AI in healthcare grows, WHIS supports this evidence-based approach to adoption — grounded in system-wide collaboration, practical frameworks, and a commitment to improving outcomes for patients and professionals alike.